# The languages of London

> Main-language communities across London's boroughs in the 2021 Census.

- Category: People
- Cadence: census
- Status: Published on a census cadence.
- Dataset key: `census-neighbourhood-languages`
- Source: [ONS](https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2021/bulk)
- Licence: Open Government Licence v3.0 — [terms](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/)
- Canonical page: [https://londongraph.com/g/languages-of-london](https://londongraph.com/g/languages-of-london)
- Machine-readable record: [https://londongraph.com/data/languages-of-london](https://londongraph.com/data/languages-of-london)

## Methodology

Official disclosure-controlled Census 2021 TS024 detailed main-language table at the finest geography at which Nomis publishes it: 2021 local authorities. It is not available at LSOA level. The measure records a person's main language, not every language they speak or their English proficiency. Percentages use the published table denominator; protected language data are excluded from London Twins.

## Visualisations

- [Map](https://londongraph.com/g/languages-of-london): Main-language communities across London's boroughs in the 2021 Census.
- [Distribution](https://londongraph.com/g/languages-of-london?view=distribution): Place every mapped area in the selected measure's distribution while preserving missing values.

## Citation guidance

Attribute the original publisher named above and identify LondonGraph as the visualisation and methodology layer. Do not describe live values as a historical census, and do not present placeholder values as observations.