# The four-year gap

> Women outlive men in London by about four years, and have done throughout.

- Category: People
- Cadence: annual
- Status: Published on a annual cadence.
- Dataset key: `life-expectancy-gap`
- Source: [OHID Fingertips](https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/)
- Licence: Open Government Licence v3.0 — [terms](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/)
- Canonical page: [https://londongraph.com/g/the-four-year-gap](https://londongraph.com/g/the-four-year-gap)
- Machine-readable record: [https://londongraph.com/data/the-four-year-gap](https://londongraph.com/data/the-four-year-gap)

## Methodology

Life expectancy at birth for men and women, averaged across London's boroughs, over every period OHID publishes. An unweighted mean of boroughs rather than a single London figure — a borough query does not return the region's own row — so this tracks the shape of the gap rather than being the definitive London number.

## Visualisations

- [Trend](https://londongraph.com/g/the-four-year-gap): Women outlive men in London by about four years, and have done throughout.
- [Change](https://londongraph.com/g/the-four-year-gap?view=change): Show the change from each preceding published period.

## Citation guidance

Attribute the original publisher named above and identify LondonGraph as the visualisation and methodology layer. Do not describe live values as a historical census, and do not present placeholder values as observations.