# What London's councils spend

> Eight years of net current expenditure across the services London authorities provide.

- Category: Money
- Cadence: annual
- Status: Published on a annual cadence.
- Dataset key: `what-londons-councils-spend`
- Source: [MHCLG](https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/local-authority-revenue-expenditure-and-financing-england-revenue-outturn-multi-year-data-set)
- Licence: Open Government Licence v3.0 — [terms](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/)
- Canonical page: [https://londongraph.com/g/what-londons-councils-spend](https://londongraph.com/g/what-londons-councils-spend)
- Machine-readable record: [https://londongraph.com/data/what-londons-councils-spend](https://londongraph.com/data/what-londons-councils-spend)

## Methodology

MHCLG Revenue Outturn time series, summed across all 33 London local authorities by compatible service heading. Values are nominal £ thousands and are not inflation-adjusted. Negative net expenditure is retained where published and inter-authority accounting means service lines should not be interpreted as household-level benefit.

## Visualisations

- [Service trends](https://londongraph.com/g/what-londons-councils-spend): Follow compatible service headings through the outturn time series.
- [Service panels](https://londongraph.com/g/what-londons-councils-spend?view=services): Give each service its own aligned trend panel.
- [Annual change](https://londongraph.com/g/what-londons-councils-spend?view=change): Show year-to-year nominal changes by service.
- [Share over time](https://londongraph.com/g/what-londons-councils-spend?view=shares): Show how the service composition changes within each financial year.

## Citation guidance

Attribute the original publisher named above and identify LondonGraph as the visualisation and methodology layer. Do not describe live values as a historical census, and do not present placeholder values as observations.